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3.6 BLOG

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 Blog is a website where entries are written as information or news on a particular subject. You may choose any subject for writing a blog like food, health, or information about IGNOU dates etc. A blog may combine text, images, or other media components; however, most blogs are textual. They may also provide links to other web pages or blogs. In addition, blog allows you to leave comments in an interactive format. Blogging is becoming increasingly popular among students as it allows you publish and keep record of your ideas over time. In addition, you may get some useful comments on your ideas may be from your teacher or your peer group or other people. A blog need not be restricted to a single author; it can merge different kinds of ideas, including fellow students, teachers, and subject specialists. An example: http://edu.blogs.com/. Many famous personalities these days are hosting their own blog. The following is one of the many websites through which you can create your own bl...
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3.5 SOCIAL NETWORKING

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 A social network is a network of individuals which have some sort of interdependence on each other. This interdependence may be in the form of friendship, kinship, common causes and so on. A Social networking service may be offered through a web site on the Internet. Some of the popular social networking services are – Orkut, Facebook, Twitter, Linkedln, MySpace, Friend Finder, Yahoo! 360, Classmates and many more.  You need to register to a social networking service in order to use it. Some of the features provided by these services are:  Creation of a profile page of your own informing others about the information that you would like to share about you.  Viewing of profile pages of others.  Creating your own network of friends.  Searching online friends.  Putting your albums online for your friends.  Sharing your thoughts and experiences.  Sharing of audio and video may be through youTube – a popular website where you can put your videos for general public viewership...
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3.4 COLLABORATIONS

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 Collaboration is defined as an act or process of working together on a project or some intellectual activity.  But what is the importance of collaboration? The world is increasingly becoming globalised on issues like environment protection, control of terrorism, international business, learning etc. In such changing circumstances, even the scientific explorations have become collaborative. Thus, in this global world, role of the Internet tools is to enable collaboration among people. From this perspective chat, news groups, wikis all are some basic tools for collaboration. Collaboration involves both communication and sharing of ideas. Modern day science, to certain extent, has become collaborative. Today, you may find a number of research papers coauthored by many people staying at geographically diverse places.  Each collaborative project has several social, political, ethical and technical issues that are to be addresses at the start of the project itself.  Some ...
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3.3 ELECTRONIC EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES

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In the present era, you can get access to a large number of electronic educational resources through the web. These resources may be on different specialized areas. These resources include the electronic journals, encyclopedias, dictionaries, digital libraries, educational resource databases, indexing and abstracting databases and electronic books. However, please note that some of these resources require paid subscription. These resources allow you to browse through the abstracts, search on various topics, and access the complete information for research in specific areas. Some of these electronic resources are listed below:  E-Journals and Databases  ACM Digital Library  EBSCO database  IEL Online  JSTOR  Lawyers Collective Magazine  Lecture note in Mathematics  Maths Sci_net  Project Muse  ProQuest  Springer Link  Taylor and Francis WTO E-library Indexing and Abstracting Databases:  LISA  J-Gate E-Books  Credo References  Idea-Reference Resources  NetLibrary WIKI...
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3.2 E-LEARNING

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E-learning is one of the most used terms on the Internet that describes any form of learning that is facilitated academically by the electronic means. Such means may be in the form of multimedia rich contents, web based lectures and web based tutorials or training programmes. In general, E-learning is strongly supported electronically by the administrative, academic and assessment processes.  Some of the activities that may be done using such electronic form using web sites include providing multimedia based contents, providing assignments, conducting on line tests, lectures or discussions through web conferencing, feedback on students work, student progress report to faculty etc.  Some of the major advantages of E-learning are:  It allows creation and fast update of online contents.  You may use the contents at your own pace and convenience.  E-learning also provides a possibility of standardization of contents that can be changed much faster.  It has the potential of pro...
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UNIT 3 WEB APPLICATIONS II 3.0 INTRODUCTION and 3.1 OBJECTIVES

3.0 INTRODUCTION  As discussed in the previous unit, Internet has many applications for its user. In the recent times, one of the major applications of Internet has been the Web 2.0 technologies that are identified by more interactive Internet based applications. Some of the popular technologies used in Web 2.0 include XHTML, Cascading Style Sheets (CSS), eXtensible Markup Language (XML), Asynchronous JavaScript on XML (Ajax), Ruby on Rails, Adobe Flex, Java and its frameworks, PHP, ASP.net and many more. The aim of this unit is not to introduce you to these technologies but familiarize you with some of the important applications that have been developed using these technologies under the Web 2.0. These newer applications are allowing you to do a number of activities that were unthinkable in the last decade. Today, you can go to social networking sites through which you can find and remain in touch with your friends. You can share your pictures, videos, ideas with them. You can go ...
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2.6 SECURITY THREATS ON INTERNET

The Internet has many advantages; however, it also opens up security threat. In this section we just want to highlight some of the threats that you may face because of being an Internet users. When you use internet you are faced with three basic threat situations:  Confidentiality: No unauthorized person should be able to read or copy information that s/he is not supposed to read.  Integrity: No unauthorized person should be able to modify information.  Availability: No unauthorized person should be able to erase information or make it inaccessible. The other threats posed on the Internet are due to Computer Viruses and identity information thefts.  To make sure the above security situations the following methods may be followed by you:  Authentication and authorization mostly using username and password are used by most Internet security systems. Therefore, your username and password are very important and should be such that they cannot be broken easily. In addition, you ...
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